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Module 4 of 73-5 days

Closing & Negotiation

Win top candidates by crafting compelling offers and navigating negotiations with confidence.

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The Close Is Where Deals Are Won or Lost

You've found an amazing candidate. They've passed your interviews. Now comes the critical moment: getting them to say yes. Startups compete against bigger companies, so you need to be strategic about how you close.

"The best candidates have options. Your job is to help them see why your option is the best."

Reference Checks

Validating before you commit

Reference Best Practices

Ask for 3+ references

At least one recent manager, one peer, one person who reported to them (if applicable).

Back-channel when possible

References the candidate provides will always be positive. Find connections who worked with them.

Ask specific questions

Not "What do you think of Sarah?" but "Would you hire Sarah again? In what role?"

Key Reference Questions

"On a scale of 1-10, how would you rate [Name]? Why not a 10?"

"What would you say are their biggest development areas?"

"Would you work with them again? In what capacity?"

"How did they handle [situation you're concerned about]?"

Crafting Compelling Offers

Building offers that candidates can't refuse

Offer Letter Components

Title & LevelSenior Software Engineer, L5
Start DateJanuary 15, 2024
Base Salary$180,000/year
Equity Grant0.15% (ISO options)
Vesting Schedule4 years, 1 year cliff
Signing Bonus$10,000 (if applicable)
BenefitsHealth, 401k, PTO policy

Make Offers Verbally First

Never send a written offer before discussing it live. Call the candidate, share the excitement, walk through the offer, and gauge their reaction. This lets you address concerns before they become objections.

Startup Compensation Strategy

Competing when you can't match big tech salaries

The Total Comp Story

Startups win on total opportunity, not just salary. Help candidates see the full picture:

Cash

Aim for 75-90% of market rate. Be transparent about trade-offs.

Equity

Early employees: 0.1-2%+. Show potential value at different exit scenarios.

Growth

Career acceleration, learning, title/responsibility faster than big co.

Impact

Direct impact on company success. Not a cog in a machine.

Equity Guidelines by Stage

StageEngineersLeads/MgrsExecutives
Seed (1-10)0.5-2%1-3%2-5%
Series A (10-30)0.1-0.5%0.25-1%1-2%
Series B+ (30+)0.02-0.1%0.1-0.25%0.5-1%

Handling Negotiations

Navigating the back and forth

Negotiation Principles

Start with your best offer

Don't lowball hoping they won't negotiate. Give them your best offer upfront, with small room for movement.

Understand their priorities

Some care most about salary, others about equity, title, or flexibility. Ask what matters most.

Be creative with levers

If you can't move on salary, can you offer signing bonus, more equity, title bump, or accelerated review?

Set deadlines

Give 3-5 business days to decide. Don't let negotiations drag on—urgency helps close.

Negotiation Levers

Signing Bonus

One-time cost, bridges salary gap

Equity Refresh

More equity vs. more cash

Title Bump

Costs nothing, means a lot

Earlier Review

6-month review vs. 12

Remote/Flex

Work arrangement flexibility

Start Date

Time to wrap up or vacation

Competing Against Big Tech

When they have a Google/Meta offer

Your Startup Advantages

What You Offer

  • • Direct impact on company success
  • • Faster career growth
  • • Meaningful equity upside
  • • Work directly with founders
  • • Less bureaucracy
  • • More learning opportunities
  • • Build something from scratch

Don't Try to Compete On

  • • Pure cash compensation
  • • Brand name recognition
  • • Job stability/security
  • • Established benefits programs
  • • Work-life balance (unless true)

The Conversation Script

"I know [BigCo] can pay more in cash. But let's talk about what you'd actually be doing there vs. here. At [BigCo], you'd be one of 50,000 engineers. Here, you'd be one of 10. You'd own [specific area], work directly with me, and if we hit our milestones, your equity could be worth [X]. What matters more to you at this stage of your career?"

Closing Techniques

Getting to "yes"

The Close Playbook

Build excitement throughout

Don't save selling for the close. Every interview should leave them more excited.

Have the team reach out

After making the offer, have future teammates text/email their excitement to work together.

Address concerns directly

Ask "What's holding you back?" and address each concern head-on.

Create appropriate urgency

"We're really excited about you. We need a decision by Friday so we can kick off [X]."

When They Decline

Always part on good terms. Ask what drove their decision. Thank them genuinely. Many candidates circle back later—companies change, circumstances change. Keep the door open.

Practice Exercise

Prepare your closing strategy:

  1. 1Create a template offer letter with all components
  2. 2Build an equity calculator showing value at different exit scenarios
  3. 3List your "startup advantages" talking points
  4. 4Define your negotiation ranges and available levers
  5. 5Create reference check questions mapped to your concerns